Geez! I look ferocious! Oh well, never mind - even the Queen looks ferocious a lot of the time. It's just age.
Anyway.
Some of you may remember that a little while ago I wrote on this post the following:
. . . this quotation from Thich Nhat Hanh:
“In Buddhism all views are wrong views. When you get in touch with reality you no longer have views.”
Such an interesting and thought-provoking observation. But wait? Is that a view? I mean, what I just said. Am I expressing a view about . . . er . . . his view . . . or the view of Buddhism? I mean isn’t “When you get in touch with reality you no longer have views” what in normal parlance we call a view? That is to say, it’s an opinion (I think) about the way things are. Reality, surely is too large and too kind of dense for any one human being’s mind to encompass it – surely?
A Quaker friend, Bruce Arnold, who blogs here at Letters From The Street, commented on that post (very helpfully) as follows:
“That thing Thich Nhat Hanh said: it's not just an opinion, it's a description of the experience of sunyata. Here's the thing, though: it's only true while actually in that experience of samadhi or nirvana. The rest of the time, in ordinary mundane consciousness, it is a worthy cautionary tale not to take our views too seriously. Also, attachment to views prevents the experience of sunyata, so for those on that path, it is necessary to have that non-attachment, as part of the yoga of the path.”
“That thing Thich Nhat Hanh said: it's not just an opinion, it's a description of the experience of sunyata. Here's the thing, though: it's only true while actually in that experience of samadhi or nirvana. The rest of the time, in ordinary mundane consciousness, it is a worthy cautionary tale not to take our views too seriously. Also, attachment to views prevents the experience of sunyata, so for those on that path, it is necessary to have that non-attachment, as part of the yoga of the path.”
There was too much in that comment to respond to in a comment box, so I said I’d write a separate post taking up the things it brought to my mind, which fall into two categories – about opinion and about attachment.
Thinking first about opinion – I find myself getting tied into knots about this, because when I say “Such and such a thing is true”, I believe myself to be expressing a view or opinion. This is so (in my opinion!!) even when the assertion appears to be a matter of universal agreement.
For example, I might say, “Buttercups are yellow,” or “A jay’s colouring includes areas of vivid blue;” and I might believe myself to be not expressing opinion but stating incontrovertible fact. Not so, it turns out. In my early twenties when I read a lot of Rudolf Steiner, I learned from his writing that buttercups are “in fact” precisely not yellow. They are every colour except yellow – yellow is the colour they reject. That’s why they look yellow to me (and you). Because they’re not.
Then, only last week I learned from reading the very interesting book by Helen Hoover, A Place In The Woods, that furthermore a blue jay isn’t blue. That birds have no blue pigment in their feathers, only brownish-grey that looksblue to me.
When we come onto matters of spiritual philosophy and human relationship, statement of fact becomes almost an impossibility (in my opinion), because the experiential is per se subjective, even where it is a matter of common agreement.
Some years ago a dear friend who’d been having a rotten week greeted me with the information that “the devil had been really attacking” her. Then she paused and thought, adding the possible amendment: “Unless it’s the Lord trying to teach me something.”
A Christian of deep and experienced practise not being able to tell the difference between God and the devil suggests to me that discrimination between one spiritual state and another may be a subtlety almost beyond the human intellect, and we are rash to believe ourselves capable of statements that can be categorised as bald truth in this area, given that we can’t even tell what colour buttercups are.
In one of his books of neurological case histories (I would give full details to credit it, but I can’t remember in which book it occurs, I no longer have the books, and an online search is not tracking it down for me), Oliver Sacks wrote of a young man who joined a religious group which valued sexual abstinence, gentleness and docility, and long hours of sitting in meditation – all of which healthy young men are likely to find difficult. This particular young man achieved spectacularly, making such apparent spiritual progress that he was revered as especially saintly. After this went on for some time, it was discovered that in fact he had a brain tumour, and his apparent spiritual acumen was a symptom of his illness – masked by the desirability of these characteristics in his chosen milieu.
In my own life, I have been told every now and then that my preoccupation with simplicity is a manifestation or symptom of my depression, a re-routing or displacement of an unavoidable aspect of my personality – and possibly illness – into the more acceptable persona of aspiration or discipline or, at least, choice.
This reminds me in turn of a friend who served as a church officer in a congregation I pastored at one time, whose efficiency was so terrifyingly focused that I began to suspect that it was, despite its undeniable usefulness to the church, pathological.
When I read the comment Bruce had left on this blog, about Thich Nhat Hanh and sunyata, samadhi and nirvana, the first two of those terms were unfamiliar to me, so I went off to look them up so as to make sure I’d got a proper grip on what he was saying.
Sunyata, if I’ve now got this right, is a Sanskrit noun taken from the adjective śūnya, which means “zero” or “nothing”. So sunyatais about a condition of emptiness, the nonexistence of the self.
Samadhi (again if I’ve got this right) is a higher level of consciousness achieved by long practise of meditation – a stilling and focusing of the mind to the point of being in effect one with the focus of meditation – eg, God.
And nirvana is the state of blissful union with the divine. The word means “blown out” and therefore implies a state in which the separate individual self or ego has been annihilated or become irrelevant.
I see how, in such a condition, views of any sort would have been transcended, made meaningless, left behind. I see how, experientially, a person immersed in religious practise might enter such an experience of transfiguration. And I see that attachment to all things of this world – possessions, relationships, achievements, being right, status; everything – must be eliminated or left behind in order to enter this transcendent state.
But.
I have an uneasiness here – not a mere niggle, a profound uneasiness.
If my friend couldn’t tell the difference between God and the devil, and the religious sect couldn’t discern pathological symptoms from sanctity, and those close to me know well that the headf**k that is my constant companion is probably as responsible for my hunger and thirst for simplicity as any attraction to holiness and Reality with a capital R – well, this is a minefield, innit?
For any one of us for whom the world of the Spirit is more real and more compelling than career or wealth or relationships or anything else in life, there is a huge danger of mistaking our weaknesses for our strengths.
Those of us who can not only detach from anything or anyone but actually have trouble attaching toanything and anyone, run a much greater risk from being admired than from being pitied. The minute we start to express and believe the opinion, the view that we are right – that we have left behind the ordinary human territory of views and opinions and moved into some exalted field (Rumi’s “field beyond right and wrong”) where we’re so transcendent that our point of view is no longer a point of view because it’s morphed into absolute truth – then we have left health behind. In my opinion.
The safety harness of every aspirant to scaling the heights of the holy mountain is the remembrance that I might be wrong: that as long as I am human I cannot be capable of more than the view from here; everything I think is my opinion.
There is no danger in this. There is no danger in saying that when Thich Nhat Hanh tells us “when you get in touch with reality you have no views” that is of itself a view, an opinion. It may seem insulting to his wisdom and advanced spirituality, but even so, it is a safeguard.
There is, on the other hand, great danger in scaling the heights without that safety harness, in believing that one has reached the state when “I might be wrong about this” loses meaning.
As Bruce said in his comment: “Here's the thing, though: it's only true while actually in that experience of samadhi or nirvana. The rest of the time, in ordinary mundane consciousness, it is a worthy cautionary tale not to take our views too seriously.”
But my uneasiness extends beyond the question of where views stop and samadhi begins. I am also uneasy about making the attempt of complete detachment. I, who find detaching easy, fascinating and compulsive, know full well how destructive it can be. It is, as I once heard someone say, like a suicide without a body. When God finished all that he had created, he looked upon it and pronounced it good. That included Adam and Eve in relationship with each other and interwoven in the living tissue of creation. It was, in part, the very business of attachment that he pronounced to be good.
It’s a complicated thing because Thich Nhat Hanh also teaches with wonderful insight and wisdom on how “the Environment” is the wrong way to describe the Earth – we are Earth. As he so wonderfully puts it, we “inter-are”. There is no separation.
It is perhaps helpful to look at the whole thing as St Paul did, and think of the analogy of the body. Though there are many organs, there is only one body – the eye cannot say to the ear, “I don’t need you”. So we belong to one another inextricably (not just human to human but the whole of creation); we each have our individual part to play but separation implies just dead meat. On the other hand, anyone who has suffered from adhesions knows that they are seriously bad news.
So attachments – adhesions, are when we try to cling, to impede the movement and flow of life, to create stasis. For our health it is imperative we learn to let go, to permit change. Yet we do not cut loose. We do not attempt to become the world’s first free-range kidney (or whatever it might be – you may see yourself more as a pancreas).
Dears, I could go on about this all day and still not manage to make myself clear!!
In summary:
1) We are made to belong – we inter-are with all creation.
2) It is unhealthy to cling, to try to limit or possess others, or imagine ourselves as owners rather than stewards of the Earth.
3) Change happens. We have to learn to let go.
4) Problems arise when things accumulate. We have to learn to keep life simple to avoid trouble.
5) Pursuing any spiritual path calls us into simplicity. Letting go is part of simplicity.
6) Though we let go (non-attachment) we still belong (inter-being).
7) Though we come to see that a view is only a view, we remember that as we are only human, that also is a view. So long as we are human, views R us.
8) The aspirations of religion – towards non-attachment, simplicity, self-denial, discipline etc – were made to discipline and channel our turbulent human energy in the direction of goodness and grace. If it’s easy, get help because you’re ill.
9) An essential characteristic of health is when an organism is in balance. The wise relationship of belonging and non-attachment is found in creating balance. Sometimes the balance (or lack of it) is more apparent to others than to ourselves.
Finally: I hope in saying all of this I have offended no-one. If I have offended you I’m sorry. I can hardly open my mouth without offending someone these days. It is possible I should be wiser to keep it closed. If you disagree with everything I have said here, I am not offended and you should feel free to say so. It is all, after all, only my opinion.
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Er - that's Day 212 of this.
A mirror. The less I look at myself, the happier I am with my appearance.
A ghastly little bag from a chain store. Supposed to be a convenient accessory that would go with everything and be useful for every occasion. It turned out to be especially useful for boosting the income of my chosen charity shop. Now I look more closely at this photograph the bag seems to be smiling at me in a sinister fashion. Who in their right mind would keep a purse which did that?
Much harder to part with. Really handy tongs made for handling sugar and used by me for handling incense charcoal. But I have stick incense these days, because it needs less paraphernalia.
A dreary polyester skirt, bought in an attempt to look normal. Ha.
